ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืœื ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื•ืกื›ื ืžืจืืฉ

ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ:

ื‘"ื“ ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ

ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื:
ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืืœื’ืื–ื™ – ืื‘"ื“

ืขืœื” ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš:

ื“ืณ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื”ืณืชืฉืขืดื˜ (ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื™ื•ืœื™ 7, 2019)

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืืชืจ ืคืกืงื™ื:

ื˜"ื• ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืข"ื˜

ืชื™ืง ืžืก':ย 08-ืขื˜5

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ

ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื:

ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืืœื’ืื–ื™ย –ย ืื‘"ื“,ย ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ืื•ื‘,ย ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’

ย 

ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข:

ื”ื ืชื‘ืขืช:

ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ:ย ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืžื•ื ื™ืช

1.ย ืชืžืฆื™ืช ื”ืžืงืจื”

ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืคื” ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื”.ย ืงื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ื” ืืš ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื•ืชื ื” ื‘ืข"ืค ื‘ืขืช ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืžืชื—ืชื ืช ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื™ื•ื“ื™ืขย 30ื™ื•ื ืžืจืืฉ ื•ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ืชืคื ื•,ย ื•ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื”ืกื›ื™ื.ย ื”ื‘ืช ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืืš ื›ืขืช ื”ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืžืชื—ืชื ืช ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœื“ื™ืจื”.ย ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืกื›ื ื‘ืข"ืค ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืžืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืชื” ืจืง ืœื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”,ย ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉืงืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ื” ื“ื™ืจื”,ย ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืช ื‘ืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืขื•ื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื,ย ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงืฆืช ื ื›ื”ย –ย ื•ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-30ย ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ,ย ืจืฆื•ื™ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜.

2.ย ืคืกืงื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื

ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืืœื’ืื–ื™ย –ย ืื‘"ื“

ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœืœื ื”ืงืฆื‘ืช ื–ืžืŸ, ืœืฉื›ืจ ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื‘ืข"ืค ืฉืื ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ืช ื‘ื™ืชื• ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื™ืชืคื ื”.

ืžืื™ื“ืš ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืจืง ืœื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื”ืชืืจืกื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื” ื•ืืฉืชื• ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื”(ืื‘).

ื.ย ืžื”ืœืš

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืชย ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ืงื ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘:

"ืžืฉื ื”.ย ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืย –ย ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื—.ย ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื”ย –ย ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื.ย ื•ื‘ื›ืจื›ื™ื,ย ืื—ื“ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืย –ย ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ื—ื“ืฉ.ย ื•ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช,ย ืื—ื“ ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื—ื“ ื›ืจื›ื™ืย –ย ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ื—ื“ืฉ.ย ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืื•ืžืจ:ย ื—ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—ืชื•ืžื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ืขื™ืย –ย ืฉืœืฉ ืฉื ื™ื.

ื’ืžืจื.ย ืžืื™ ืฉื ื ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืย –ย ื“ื›ื™ ืื’ืจ ืื™ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืชื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืื’ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื”ื• ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื,ย ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื ืžื™,ย ื“ื›ื™ ืื’ืจ ืื™ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืชืย –ย ืœื›ื•ืœื”ื• ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ืื’ืจ!ย ืืœื,ย ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื˜ืขืžืย –ย ื“ืœื ืฉื›ื™ื— ื‘ื™ืชื ืœืžื™ื’ืจ.ย ืื™ืžื ืกื™ืคื:ย ื‘ื›ืจื›ื™ื,ย ืื—ื“ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ื,ืขืฉืจ ื—ื“ืฉ.ย ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืœื• ืœื™ื” ื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืย –ย ืžืคื™ืง ืœื™ื”,ย ื•ืืžืื™?ย ื”ื ืœื ืฉื›ื™ื— ื‘ื™ืชื ืœืžื™ื’ืจ! –ย ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”:ย ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืงืชื ื™.ย ื•ื”ื›ื™ ืงืืžืจ:ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืกืชืย –ย ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืžื—ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื— ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืžืขื™ืงืจื.ย ืชื ื™ื ื ืžื™ ื”ื›ื™:ย ื›ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื•ื›ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ื—ื“ืฉย –ย ืœื ืืžืจื• ืืœื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื•.ย ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขย –ย ื›ืš ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข.ย ื“ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”:ย ืื™ ืื•ื“ืขืชืŸย –ย ื”ื•ื” ื˜ืจื—ื ื ื•ืžื•ืชื™ื‘ื ื ื‘ื™ื” ืื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืขืœื™ื".

ื•ื›ืš ืคืกืง ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ:

ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื›ืจย ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”:

"ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืกืชื,ย ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื™ื“]ย ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ื“ื™ืขื ื• ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ืžืงื•ื“ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืงื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš,ย ื•ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื™ืฆื. {ื–}ย ื‘ื“"ื,ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื”;ย ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื,ย ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžื”ื—ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื—".

ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœืฉื ื”,ย ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืงื•ื“ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื ื• ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืฉืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืœื ืงืฆื‘ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœืฉื ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืชื•ื ืฉื ื”.

ย ื›ืš ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืจื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘:

"(ื™ื’)ย ืฉืฉืืœืช ื›ื•'.ย ื›ืœืœย (ืฆ"ื‘) [ื'].ย ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ ืฉื‘ื ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ื“ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกืชื ื”ื•ื ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืฉื ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™.ย ื‘"ื™.ย ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื“ืืฃ ื“ืื ืœื ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ื“ื™ืจืชื• ื‘ืฉื ื” ื–ื• ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื ืœื• ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื” ืฉืœื™ืžื” ื•ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžืขืฉื” ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”.ย ื•ืžื™ื”ื• ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื“ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ืœื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืขื•ื“ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื•ื”"ืœ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ ืœืฉืืœื• ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื’ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืง"ืœ":

ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื“ืŸ ื‘ืกืชื ืœืฉื ื” ืื ื”ื“ืžื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ื:

ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘:

"[ื“]ย ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืงืฆื‘ ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ.ย ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉ"ืš ืก"ืง ื“'ย ืฉืคืกืง ื“ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ.ย ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฆื•ื”"ื—ย [ืกืง"ื‘]ย ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื›ื”"ื’ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื“ืžื™ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื“ื”ื“ืžื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ.ย ื•ืœืคืขื "ื“ย [ื ืจืื”]ย ื“ืื ืืžืจ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืชืš ื‘ืขื“ ืžื ื” ื•ืœื ืคื™ืจืฉ ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ,ย ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืกืชื ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืกื•ืชืจ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ,ย ืื ืœื ืฉื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืื– ื”ืกืชื ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื”".

ื˜"ื– ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘:

"ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”'.ย ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ืกืชื.ย ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ,ย ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื ืคื™ืจืฉ ืœื›ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื›ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืฉื ื”ย [ืค"ื• ืžืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”"ื–].ย ื•ื "ืœ ื“ืื ืœื ืืžืจ ื›ืœื•ื ืจืง ืื ื™ ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœืš ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื”,ย ืžืกืชืžื ืื“ืขืชื ื“ืžื ื”ื’ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœื•,ย ื•ื”"ืœ ื›ืงื•ืฆืฅ ื–ืžื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืž"ืฉ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื—',ย ื•ืกืž"ืข ืก"ืงย (ื“') [ื•']ย ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืื•ืžืจ ืกืชื ืื ื™ ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœืš ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืžื• ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื›ื•'ย ื“ืกื’ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“,ย ื•ืœืข"ื“ ื ืจืื” ื“ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืžืกืชืžื ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื›ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื™ืจ":

ื‘.ย ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™

ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืขื ืชื ืื™ ืฉื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื—ืชื•ื ืช ื”ื‘ืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืชื ืื™.ย ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื•ืื ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืกืชื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•.

ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืœืฉื ื”ย (ื›ืคื™ ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”)ย ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ื–ื” ืฉื ื” ืืœื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ืชื ืื™ ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœืฆื•ืจืš ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืื–ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกืชื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืืช ืžื™ื“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ืช ื‘ื ื• ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ:

ื˜ื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™"ื‘:

"ื”ืฉื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื• ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ืชื ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืœื‘ื ื• ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ืื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื ื• ื™ืฉื ืœื–ืžืŸ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื•ืื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื–ื“ืžื ื” ืœื• ืืฉื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื•":

ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื›ืจย ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื:

"ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ื‘ื•, [ื—]ย ื”ืจื™ ื–ื”ย {ื˜ื–}ย ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื•:ย ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืืชื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื™ย {ื™ื–}ย ืขื“ ืฉืชืžืฆื ืžืงื•ื ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฉืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ื‘ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื™.ย ื›ื‘]ย ื•ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืกืชื,ย ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื•".

ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื‘:

"{ื™ื—}ย ื ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื ื• ืœื™ืฉื ื‘ื• ืืฉื”,ย ืื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ื—ืชืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืžืงื•ื“ื ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื•,ย ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•.ย ื•ืื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื–ื“ืžื ื” ืœื• ืืฉื” ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉืื” ืžื™ื“,ย ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•,ย ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ื—ืชื•ื ื”".

ื’.ย ืคืกืง

ื ืœืข"ื“ ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืชื ืื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืื™ืจื•ืกื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ.

ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ืื•ื‘

ื”ื ื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืืœื’ืื–ื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื,ย ื•ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœืžืกืงื ืชื•.

ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช:

  1. ืกื™ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืœื ืชืืจื™ืš ืกื™ื•ืโ€“ย ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื ืงืฆื‘ ื–ืžืŸ ืกื™ื•ืžื•,ย ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื•.ย ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜,ย ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื ื™ืชื ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”,ย ืืœื ืฉืžื›ืืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืืœื”ย โ€“ย ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืจืืฉ.ย ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื•ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉืžื—ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ื™ืฉื ื• ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื“ื™ืจื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ืชย (ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื),ย ื•ืžืื™ื“ืšย โ€“ย ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื.ย ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•.

ื‘ืกืคืจย 'ืขืžืง ื”ืžืฉืคื˜' (ืœืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื”ืŸ)ย ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื ื•ย (ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช,ย ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“'ย ืขืž'ย ืงื™ื‘)ย โ€“ย ืฉื‘ืขืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช,ย ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ ื•ืงืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืชย โ€“ย ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”,ย ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื.

ื•ืœื›ืŸ,ย ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื“ื ืŸ,ย ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”,ย ื•ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื–ืืช.

  1. ืกืขื™ืฃ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”โ€“ย ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืขืฆืžื•,ย ืฉื‘ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉืœย 30ย ื™ื•ื ืœืžืฉื›ื™ืจ.ย ื•ื›ื™ ืžืื™ ื—ื–ื™ืช ืฉื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื• ืฉืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื•ืื™ื ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ื’ื ืœืžืฉื›ื™ืจ.ย ื•ืืฃ ืื ื ืืžืจ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื,ย ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ื“ื™ื™ืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ย (ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ),ย ืื ื›ืš ืžืžื™ืœื ืžื•ื›ื— ืฉื“ืขืชื• ืฉื’ื ืœืขืฆืžื• ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื.

ืžืกืงื ื”ย โ€“ย ื›ืืžื•ืจ,ย ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืื‘"ื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื,ย ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืžืจื’ืข ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ,ย ืื• ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’

ื ื•ืฆืจ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื•ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื”.

ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืชืืจื™ืš ืกื™ื•ื ืœืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช.ย ื”ื—ื•ืงย (ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื"ื™ ืกืขื™' 19)ย ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉืื ืœื ื ื›ืชื‘ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ืœื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ืขื“ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ย (ื–"ื ืื ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื›ื“ื•')ย ืื• ืขื“ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ืื• ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฆืจื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื•ื’ื ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื–ื•.

ืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืกืคื” ืืฆืœื ื• ื”ื•ื“ืืช ื‘ืข"ื“ย ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืื ื”ื‘ืช ืชืชื—ืชืŸย –ย ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ืคื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืืœื ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.ย ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื”ย –ย ื”ืื ื˜ืขื ื” ื›ื–ื• ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช.

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ย ืžืกื›ืชย ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ืงื ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘:

"ืคืฉื™ื˜ื,ย ื ืคืœ ืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืชืย –ย ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”:ย ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื™ื ืื™".

ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื“ืฃ ืงื ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘:

"ื ืคืœ ืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืชื™ื”ย –ย ืœืžืฉื›ื™ืจ.ย ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”ย –ย ืœืฉื•ื›ืจ.ย ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื™ื ืื™ย –ย ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•,ย ื•ืืžืจ ืœื•:ย ื”ืœื ืื™ื ืš ื‘ื ืขืœื™ ืืœื ืžื—ืžืช ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื“ืขืชื™ืš,ื•ืืชื” ืื™ื ืš ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ,ย ืืฃ ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขืš,ย ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™,ย ื•ืื ื™ ืื™ื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ,ย ื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืชื“ื•ืจ ืืชื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ".

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื ืคื˜ืจ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื”.ย ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืย (ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื”ื‘ืื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ)ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืœื ื–ืžืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืืš ืื ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ.

ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื›ืœืœ ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื•:

"ื™ืœืžื“ื ื• ืื‘ื ืžื•ืจื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™.ย ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื•ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืœืฉื•ื›ืจ ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ.ย ื•ื™ืจืื” ื“ืœื ื›ื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื•ืžื™'ย ืžืžื›ืจ ื”ื™ื ื•ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื ืขื“ ืชื•ื ืฉื ืชื•.ย ื•ื”ื ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื‘"ืžย (ืง"ื:)ย ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืชื ืžืฆื™ ืืžืจ ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื™ื ืื™,ย ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืงืื™ ืืžืชื ื™'ย ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืชื ื•ื‘ื”ื›ื™ ืื™ื™ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื.ย ื•ื›"ืžย (ื•ื›ืš ืžื•ื‘ืŸ)ย ืžืคืจืฉ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ื•ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื–"ืœ ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืจืžื‘"ื ื–"ืœ ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืฉืฉื’ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืฉื ื”ืคืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.ย ื•ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื ื™ ื“ืขืชืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœื™ ื‘ื–ื”.ย ื•ืฉืœื•ื ื›ื ืคืฉื™ ื‘ื ืš ื™ื—ื™ืืœ.

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.ย ืžืœืชื ื“ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืชื• ืขื“ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื•ืžื ืžืžื›ืจ ื”ื•ื ื•ืžื”"ื˜ย (ื•ืžื”ืื™ ื˜ืขืžื)ย ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื™'ย ืื•ื ืื”,ย ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ื”ื–ื”ื‘ย (ื "ื•:).ย ื•ื”ื ื“ืืžืจื™'ย ื‘ืค'ย ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื"ืœ ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื™ื ืื™,ย ืืœืžื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ.ย ื”ืชื ืืžืชื ื™'ย ืงืื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื"ื™ย (ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ)ย ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื—,ย ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื.ย ื•ืžืกื™ืง ื“ืคื™'ย ื“ืžืชื ื™'ย ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืกืชื ืคื™'ย ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื• ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืชื ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฉื›"ื–ย (ืฉื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ)ย ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืชืŸ ืกื›ื•ื ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืžื”ื—ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื— ืื"ื› ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ืžืขื™ืงืจื.ย ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืงืชื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืชื ื•ืจื™"ืฃ ื–"ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื• ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื•.ย ื•ืื”ื ื“ืžืชื ื™'ย ืงืืžืจ ืจ"ื”ย (ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื)ย ื•ืื ื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืžื™ื ืžืจื‘ื”,ย ื•ืžื•ืงื™ ืœื” ื‘ื“ืื™ืงืจื• ื‘ืชื™ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉื›ื•ืจ ืœืš ืืœื ืœื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื ื”ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื“ืขืชื™ืš ืžืขื™ืงืจื ืž"ืžย (ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื)ย ืื ืชืจืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชื™',ย ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื™ื.ย ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื›ืจื• ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืžืœืชื ื“ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ื”ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืืคื™'ย ื ืชื™ืงืจื• ืฉืืจ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื“ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื•ืžื ืžืžื›ืจ ื”ื•ื.ย ื•ื‘ืชืจ ืžืœืชื ื“ืจ"ื”ย (ื“ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื)ย ืงืืžืจ ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื›ื•',ย ืืœืžื ื“ื•ืงื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืกืชื ืงืื™ ืื‘ืœ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•".

ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—ืœืง ื’ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืขื—:

"ื™ืจื•ื ื“ื” ืฉืืœืช ื‘ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ื“ืืžืจื™'ย ื–ื‘ื ื” ืื•ืจืช'ย ื™ื”ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืชื 'ย ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืœื ืขื“ื™ืค'ย ืžื’ื‘ืจ'ย ื“ืืชื™ืช ืžื—ืžืชื™ื” ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืžื™ ืฉืžื›ืจื” ืœืš ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ื™ ื•ืืฃ ืืชื” ืื™ืŸ ื›ื—ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ.ย ืฉืืœืชื ื™ ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืคืงืคืง ื‘ื–ื”.

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.ย ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ืžืคืงืคืง.ย ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืกืชื ื•ื‘ื ื–ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืย /ื‘ื“ืคื•ืก ืœื™ื•ื•ืจื ื• ืชืงืœ"ื— ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•/ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืคืกื— ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืืžืจื• ื“ื–ื‘ื ื” ืื• ืื•ืจืชืย /ืื•ืจืชื”/ย ืื• ื™ื”ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืชื ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืฉื•ื›'ย ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื’ื‘ืจื ื“ืื™ืชื™ย /ืฉืžื ืฆ"ืœ ื“ืืชื™ืช/ย ืžื—ืžืชื™ื” ืื‘ืœ ืื™ ื›ืœืœื™ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ื” ืื• ื ืคื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™ื” ืžืฆื™ ืืžืจ ืœื™'ย ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื ืคืฉืื™.ย ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืืคื™'ย ื›ืœืœื™ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ื” ื•ืืคื™'ื ืคื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™ื” ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืžืคื™ืง ืœื™ื” ื“ื›ืœ ื‘ืžืคืจืฉ ื›ืžื•ื›ืจื• ืœื• ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืœื™ื•ืžื™ื” ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืžืคื™ืง ืœื™ื”,ย ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื•ืข'ย ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืฉื".

ื”ื’ืž'ย ืฉื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืฆื•ืจืš ื—ืชื•ื ื”ย ืœื‘ืชื• ื’ื ื ืงืจื ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ื”ื’ืž':

"ื›ืœืœื™ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ื”,ย ื—ื–ื™ื ืŸ:ย ืื™ ื”ื•ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื•ื“ื•ืขื™ื”ย –ย ืื™ื‘ืขื™ ืœื™ื” ืœืื•ื“ื•ืขื™,ย ื•ืื™ ืœืย –ย ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”:ย ืœื ืขื“ื™ืคืช ืžื™ื ืื™.ย ื›ืœืœื™ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ื”ย –ย ื”ืฉื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื•,ย ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ืชื ื•ืช".

ื•ื›ืš ื ืคืกืง ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืข:

ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื›ืจย ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื™ื ื™ื‘:

"ื ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ื‘ื•,ย ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื•:ย ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืืชื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืขื“ ืฉืชืžืฆื ืžืงื•ื ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฉืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ื‘ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื™.ย ื•ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืกืชื,ย ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื•.ย ื ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื ื• ืœื™ืฉื ื‘ื• ืืฉื”,ย ืื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ื—ืชืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืžืงื•ื“ื ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื•,ย ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•.ย ื•ืื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื–ื“ืžื ื” ืœื• ืืฉื” ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉืื” ืžื™ื“,ย ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•,ย ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ื—ืชื•ื ื”".

ืืœื ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืกืž"ืข ื•ื”ื˜"ื– ื”ืื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืื• ืฉืœื:

ืกืž"ืข ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ ืก"ืง ื˜ื–:

"ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืชื• ื›ื•'.ย ื ืจืื” ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืงื ื›ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื“ืจ ื‘ื• ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื,ย ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืœ'ย ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืชื•,ย ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืœ'ย ื™ื•ื,ย ื”"ืœ ื›ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื• ืœื–ืžืŸ ื“ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ื–ื” ืžื™ื“ ื“ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื•":

ื˜"ื– ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื‘:

"ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™"ื.ย ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื.ย ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ,ย ื‘ืฉื•ื›ืจื• ื‘ืกืชื,ย ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืกืžื•ืšย [ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”']ย ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืฉื ื”,ย ืžืฉื•"ื” ืžื™ื“ ืฉื™ื›ืœื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื'ืื• ื‘'ย ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื• ืžืงื•ื“ื,ย ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืชืงื ื” ื•ื›ืืŸ ืฉื“ื•ื—ื™ื”ื• ืข"ื™ ื ืคื™ืœืช ื‘ื™ืชื• ืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื”,ย ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ืš ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ื“ืื– ื”ื•ื ื›ืงื ื•ื™ ืœื•,ย ื•ืžื™ื“ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ื™ื—ื• ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืž"ืฉ ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™"ื“ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื”.ย ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืจื• ืกืชื ื•ืœื ืืžืจ ื›ืœื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ย [ืฉื]ย ื“ืื“ืขืชื ื“ืžื ื”ื’ื ื ืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ.ย ื›"ื– ื "ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืจ,ย ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืกืž"ืขย [ืกืงื˜"ื–]ย ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื“ืจ ื‘ื• ืœ'ย ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื,ย ืื™ืŸ ื "ืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื":

ืœืคื™ ื”ืกืž"ืข ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ื ืžืฆืืช ืืคื™'ย ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืœื ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื˜"ื– ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืฉืืœื™ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืฉื ื™ืฉ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžืฉืš ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืงื ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช.ย ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืื ื ื›ื ืกื ื• ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืคื™ ื”ื˜"ื– ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื•.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืฉืคื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืจืืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื.

ืขื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืจืืฉ ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื”.ย ืืžื ื ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืœืงื™ืฅ ืืš ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจย [ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช]:

"ืžื™ื”ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—ืชื•ืžื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™"ื‘ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื“ื”ื ื—ื–ื™ื ืŸ ื“ื‘ื”ื›ื™ ืกื’ื™ ืœื”ื• ื”ืื™ื“ื ื ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืžื˜ืขื ื–ื” ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื ื“ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ"ย [ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ]:

ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช.ย ืืžื ื ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉื ืœื ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื›ืš ืืš ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ ื“ ืฉื”ืจืž"ื ืœื ืจืื” ืืช ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืกืง ื›ืš.

ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื"ื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื“ืฉ/ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืžืจืืฉ ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืคื” ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื”.ย ืœืกื‘ืจื ื–ื• ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘.

ืขื•ื“ ื”ืกืชืคืง ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—.ย ื”ื—ื•ืง ื›ื‘ืจ ืฆื•ื˜ื˜ ืœืžืขืœื” ืฉื™ื“ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”.

ืื—ืจ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ืขื•"ื“ ื ืฉืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื ื” ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืž"ืฉ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืื ื›ื™ ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืงื•ื“ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื•ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื˜"ื–[1]ย ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืชืช ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ.

3.ย ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ

ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ

ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ

ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸย ืข"ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื”"ื“ ืฉื“ื ื• ื‘ืชื™ืง ื–ื”:ย ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ืื•ื‘,ย ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื•ืขื‘ื“ื›ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืืœื’ืื–ื™,ย ื•ืขืค"ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉื ืชื ื•,ย ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืคื ื•ืช ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืชื•ืšย 30ย ื™ื•ื.
ื•ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืื”ื‘ื•:

ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื“ื”

ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืืœื’ืื–ื™
ืื‘"ื“ ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืจ"ื’

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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืข"ื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ

ืคื•ืขืœ ืชื—ืช ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืืจื™ื” ืฉื˜ืจืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื•ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื.

ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉืช"ืค ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืขืชืง ื”ืชื™ืง ืืœ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืœื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ย 

[1]ย ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื›ืžื•ื”ื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื“ื™ืจื”.

ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ:

ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ ื˜ื‘ืœืช ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื–ื• ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื”

ืžื ื”ืœ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื•ืจื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ื˜ื‘ืœืช ืฉื›ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื• ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื”. ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืช ืคืขืจ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช.

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืฉืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉื•ื›ืจ ืื—ืจ

ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ืชื•ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืจืง ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฆื ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•. ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก, ื”ื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ืžืกืžืš ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš ืžื•ืกื›ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•. ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœื“ื™ืจื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ื›3 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ืฉืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื ืืช ืคืขืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช?

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืฆื™ืžืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”

ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืฉ"ืฃ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืžืจื™ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ. ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฉื™ืœื ืžืงื“ืžื” ื‘ืกืš ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื. ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืคืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืžื”.
ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”'ืชื• ื”ืกื’ื•ืœ' ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฆื™ืžืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœื— ืœืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ื ื›ืชื‘ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืžื” ืชื•ื—ื–ืจ ืจืง ืื ื™ืžืฆืื• ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืขืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืชืื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”

ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืขืฉื” ื ืกื™ืขื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืง ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ื”ื ื”ื’ ืคื’ืข ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืื—ืจ, ื•ื’ืจื ืœื ื–ืงื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืกืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. (ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื ื–ืง ืžืฉืžืื™ ืจื›ื‘).

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžืžื›ื™ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ื

ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืคื™ืฆื” ืกืคืจ ื“ืจืš ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืจื›ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘45 ืฉ"ื— ื•ื™ืžื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘60 ืฉ"ื—. ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื”ืคืฆืชื•, ื•ื—ืชื ืขื™ืžื ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืข"ื™ ืงื• ื”ืคืฆื” ืžืฉืœื•. ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืงื ื” ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืฆื ืข"ื™ ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื”. ื˜ืขื ืชื ื›ื™ ืข"ื™ ื›ืš ื ื’ืจื ืœื”ื ื”ืคืกื“ ืฉืžื—ืžืชื• ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืžื›ืจื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืœื˜ืขื ืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ื ื›ืฉืœื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืขืœ ืขืฆืžืื™ืช. ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจืกื•ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ ืจืง ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืกืคืจ.

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื โ€“ ืกื“ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื

ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืกื“ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื
ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื: ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืคื– – ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘"ื“ ืžืฆืคื” ื™ืจื™ื—ื•, ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขืจื•ืกื™ – ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงืจื™ืช ืื•ื ื• ื•ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืจ' ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืคื– – ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“, ื”ืจื‘ ื ื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ื‘ – ืื‘"ื“ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• – ืื‘"ื“ ืขื ื‘ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ, ืขื•"ื“ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืŸ ืžื ื—ื (ื“ืœืคืŸ) – ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืฉื›ืช ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื™ื›ื•ืช: