ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™

ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ:

ื‘"ื“ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘

ย 

ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืืžืจ:

ื”ืจื‘ ื ื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ื‘

ืขืœื” ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš:

ื™ืดื‘ ื‘ืื‘ ื”ืณืชืฉืขืดื˜ (ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 13, 2019)

ื”ืงื“ืžื”:

ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื“ื™ืจืช ืžืฉื ื”, ืชื•ื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื”"ื“ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื”"ื“ ืคื ื” ืœื ืชื‘ืข, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืจื—ื•ืง. ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื˜ืจื—ื” ืจื‘ื” ื•ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืืžืฅ. ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืžื•ื ื—ืช ืœืคืชื—ื ื•, ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™? ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื, ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื•ื ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ืจืืฉื™ ืคืจืงื™ื:

ืขื ืฃ ื: ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื• ื ืชื‘ืข ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

ื. ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื’ืžืจื•ืช.

ื‘. ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืกืชื™ืจื”:

  1. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื.
  2. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ.
  3. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื.

ื’. ืคืกื™ืงืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื”.

ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ืœื›ื”.

ื“. ืžืงืจื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื:

  1. ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ืื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
  2. ืชื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘.
  3. ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

 

ืขื ืฃ ื‘: ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื• ื–ื‘ืœ"ื.

ื. ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืž' ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืก'

  1. ืคืกื™ืงืช ื”ืจืž"ื.
  2. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข.
  3. ืคืกื™ืงืช ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื.

ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ.

ื‘. ื”ืื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ืื• ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

ื’. ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข.

ื“. ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช.

ื”. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ – ืžื›ื— ืžืจื ื“ืืชืจื.

ื•. ืžืกืงื ื”

ืขื ืฃ ื: ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื• ื ืชื‘ืข ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

ื. ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื’ืžืจื•ืช.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื—ืคืฅ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ื™ืฉื ื ืฉื ื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื›ืื•' ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”:

  1. ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืœื ืข"ื‘):

"ื›ื™ ืืชื ืจื‘ ื“ื™ืžื™ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ื”ืชื•ืงืฃ ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ, ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ: ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ: ื ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื™ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“. ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ: ืจื‘ื™, ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืžื ื” ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื ื” ืขืœ ืžื ื”? ืืœื, ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•. ืื™ืชืžืจ ื ืžื™, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืกืคืจื (ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ): ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ืชืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ, ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื•ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ: ื ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ – ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ื•ืื ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ืŸ. ื•ืื ืืžืจ: ื›ืชื‘ื• ื•ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืžืื™ื–ื” ื˜ืขื ื“ื ืชื•ื ื™ – ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ืŸ ืœื•.ย  ืืžืจ ืืžื™ืžืจ, ื”ื™ืœื›ืชื: ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื™ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“. ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ืœืืžื™ืžืจ: ื•ื”ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ: ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•! – ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ืงืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืœื•ื” ืœืžืœื•ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžืœื•ื” – ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”".

ืžื’ืžืจื ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืชืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ื•ื’ื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“, ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”", ืฉื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ื•ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืžืœื•ื”.

  1. ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื (ืงื™ื‘ ืข"ื‘):

"ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ: ืžืงื‘ืœื™ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื™ืŸ. ืืžืจ ืžืจ ืขื•ืงื‘ื, ืœื“ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืคืจืฉื ืœื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื” ื“ืฉืžื•ืืœ: ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ืคืชื—ื• ืœื™ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื™ื” ื•ืœื ืืชื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืคืชื—ื• ืœื™ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื, ืžืฆื™ ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”: ืื ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื–ื™ืœื ื".

ืžื’ืžืจื ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืืœื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื’ืž' ืกื•ืชืžืช ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื” ื–ืืช ืœืžืœื•ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ื‘. ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืกืชื™ืจื”:

1. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื.

ื”ืจืžื‘"ืย (ื”ืœ' ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื•,ื•-ื˜) ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš:

"ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ืชืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื•ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ื ืขืœื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืžื ื™ื˜ืขื• ืืœื• ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸย  ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ื•ืื ืืžืจ ื›ืชื‘ื• ื•ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืžืื™ ื–ื” ื˜ืขื ื“ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืฉืžื ื˜ืขื™ืชื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ืŸ ืœื• ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื•, ื•ืื ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ื•ื“ื ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื ื›ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื™ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื–ื” ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืื• ื›ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื”ืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืžืจ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื” ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืขืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื–ื™ืงื• ืื• ื’ื–ืœื• ื•ืจืฆื” ื”ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขืžื• ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”. ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื›ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืขื“ื™ื ืื• ืจืื™ื” ืœื ื’ื–ืœ ืื• ืœื ื™ื–ืง ืื• ืœืžืœื•ื” ืื‘ืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ืจืงื ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื›ืœืœ ืืœื ื ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ื ืคื˜ืจ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืชืŸ, ืื ืืžืจ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ืคืœื•ื ื™ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ืคืœื•ื ื™ืช ืœืคืœื•ื ื™ ื•ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืฉื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื” ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืขืžื• ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืขืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืกืคืจื“".

ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื•:

ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•: 1. ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื›ืฉื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. 2. ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™[1].

ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ: 1. ื›ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. 2. ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื ืชื‘ืข, ื•ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืขืžื™ื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืืช ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ื‘"ืง ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ?

ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘, ืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืคืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืขืœืžื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืฆื™ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื‘ื›ื”"ื’ ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื” ื•ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื ื“ื™ืกืงื™ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ื ื• ื”ื ืื• ื”ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืจืฉื” ืžืคื™ ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ืืฃ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืืœืš ืœืฉื ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ืื ืคืชื—ื• ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ืกื‘ืจ ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ ื‘"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื“ื™ืกืงื™ื ืžื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืœื›ื•"ืข ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

2. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ.

ื”ืจื"ืฉย ืžืกื›ืช ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ื’,ืžื) ืžื‘ื™ื ื’' ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื:

  1. ืื ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื, ื•ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืœืžืœื•ื” ืžืฉื•ื "ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”" (ื•ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืืคื•ืงื™ ืื ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืœื”ื“"ืž ืฉืื– ื’ื ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ).
  2. ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ืชื‘ืข, ืื•ืœื ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
  3. ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ืขื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื ืงืจื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ) ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ืขื“ (ืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืฅ ื—ื›ืžื™ื) ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื, ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื•ื”ย  ืžืฉื•ื "ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”". ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ: "ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื“ื•ืงื ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืฆื™ ื˜ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืชื•ื‘ืข. ื“ื—ื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืŸ ืฉื™ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืขื ื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ืชื‘ื™ืขืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื™ืœืš ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื". ื•ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• ื“ื•ื—ื” ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืจ"ืช ื“ืงื“ืง ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื”"ื’ ืฉืื ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ.

3. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื.

ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”ย (ื–,ืชืงื›ื•) ืžื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืœืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ื:

ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืขื“: ย ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœื™ืœืš ืœืฉื, ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื”"ื’ ื•ืจ"ืช, ื‘ื”"ื’ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจ"ืช ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ. ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืขื“, ื’ื ื‘ื”"ื’ ืžืกื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืžื˜ืขื 'ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”'. ื•ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช (ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื–) ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉืื ื”ืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ืœื•ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื•ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืžืฉืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื•, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืื™ื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื˜ืจื•ื—. ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ, ืฉืื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœืขื™ืจื ืชื•ืš ืฉืœืฉ ืคืจืกืื•ืช ืื• ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื ืžื™ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ืืฃ ืœืœื•ื” ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืคื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœื ื•.

ื’. ืคืกื™ืงืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื”.

ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ื—ื•"ืž ื™ื“,ื) ื”ืขืชื™ืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื, ื•ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืœื•ื•ื”[2].

ื•ื”ืจืž"ืย ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™"ื ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื ืชื‘ืข ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

ื•ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื:

"ื•ื ืจืื” ื“ืืฃ ืœื“ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืืœื ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืขื“ื™ื ืื• ืจืื™ื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ืขื ืชื• ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืืฃ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื“ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”, ื•ื›"ื› ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื”, ื“ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉ".

ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืžื‘ืืจ ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืขื ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ืžื” ื‘ื ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืฉืœ 'ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”', ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ 'ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”' ื‘ื ืœืชืช ื˜ืขื ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื”ืœื•ื”. ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืคืš, ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ 'ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื•ื”' ื‘ื ืœืชืช ื˜ืขื ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืœื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœื•ื”. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืขืงื‘ (ืกืก"ืง ื) ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื.

ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืจืž"ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขื” ื”ื—ื•ืœืงืช, ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื“ ืกื™ื™ื’ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ื›ืชื‘:

"ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืฉื™ืœืš ืขืžื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ (ืžื”ืจื™"ืง ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื›"ื), ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืขื“; ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื•, ืื‘ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืฉืœื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขืžื• ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื•ืžื™ื“ ื™ื‘ืจืจื• ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื".

ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ืœื›ื”.

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ื ืžืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืคืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ (ืœืžืขื˜ ืžืœื•ื”), ื•ื”ืจืž"ื ืคืกืง ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ืœืžืขื˜ ืœื•ื•ื”). ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื’ื ื”ืจืž"ื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ.

ื“. ืžืงืจื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื:

1. ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื™ืœื” ืื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื.

ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื˜ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ื™ืฉ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.ย ื”ืจืž"ืย (ืกืขื™' ื) ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš:

"ืขืฉื™ืจ ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื•ืืœื ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘ ืกื™' ืชื™ื—)". ื”ืคืช"ืฉ ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื ืžื—' ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืื ืจืง ืืœื ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืืœื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ืื• ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืกืจื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืขืชื•.

ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื‘"ืฅ (ืงื˜ืŸ ืกื™' ืชืงื˜ื•):

ื ืฉืืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื• ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืคืจื ืกื™ื” ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื ื—ืชื ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืื™ืš ืื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ืืช ื•ื”ืœื ืื™ืžืชื›ื ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื˜ืขื ื•ืชื™ ื™ืกืชืชืžื• ืœืคื ื™ื›ื ืืžืจืชื™ ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืกืžื•ืš. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืจื‘ื™ ื–ืงื ื™ ืฉื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืขื ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื˜ืจืœื™ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื ืฉืžืขื™ื ืืœื™ื•. ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืžืฉื•ืŸ ื‘"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื—ืชื ื• ื”ื“ืจ ื‘ื˜ืจื™ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืจื™ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”. ื•ื’ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืคืจื™"ืฉ ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืœื”"ืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื”"ืจ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ. ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืžื–ืงื ื™ื ืืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืžื”ื ืืœืžื•ื“, ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฆืคืจื ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื›ืจื™ืกืŸ ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ืจืจื• ื“ืจืš ื™ืฉืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฆื ื“ื™ืŸ ืืžืช ืœืืžืชื• ื•ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื™ื‘ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื. ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื”"ืจ ืืœื—ื ืŸ ื–"ืœ ืขื›"ืœ.

ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื˜ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ืฉืื™ืžืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

2. ืชื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘.

ืขื“ ืขืชื” ื“ื ื• ื‘ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“, ืื•ืœื ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ. ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ (ื™ื“ ืก"ืง ื‘) ืžื‘ื™ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื—ื›ื ืฆื‘ื™ (ืกื™' ื™ื“) ืฉื›ืชื‘:

"ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืฉืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ ืืฃ ืฉืœื ืžื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ืจืŸ…ื•ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืžืช ื”ืคืจื ืกื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจ ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ืฉืžื•ืฆืื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ื“ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉื™ื“ื™, ืข"ืฉ ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื".

ื•ื‘ืคืช"ืฉ (ืก"ืง ื”) ื›ืชื‘

"ื•ื˜ืขื ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื ืœืข"ื“ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืคื ื™ื, ื”ืื—ื“ ื“ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉื™ื“ื™ ื›ื•ืœื™ ื”ืื™ ื‘ื’ื–ืœื ื•ืชื ืœืื™ื™ื ื•ืœืคื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืฉืืžืจื• [ืจ"ื” ื›ื“ ืข"ื‘] ื‘ื”ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ ื›ื ื™ืฉืชื ื“ืฉืฃ ื›ื•', ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ืื™ ืžืฆืจื›ืช ืœื”ื• ืœืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืง ื ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืขื™ืจื ืื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•', ื•ื”ืืจื™ืš ืงืฆืช ื‘ื–ื” ืขืœ ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ืฉื, ื•ืžืกื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ืฉ ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืœื˜ื•ื ื ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ืจื’ ื•ืื™ืžืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืง"ืง ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืžื‘ื•ืจื’ ืœื ืชื‘ืขืชื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขืงื•ืจ ื“ื™ืจืชื ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืจื ืฆืืชื, ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืขื•ื“".

ืื•ืœื, ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉ"ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืฉืืจื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃย ืกื™' ืž' ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืœื”ื“ื™ื ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืขื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืžืชื• ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ืกืžื•ืš, ื•ื”ืืจื™ืš ืฉื ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื›ื ืฆื‘ื™ ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ืžืกื™ืง ืœื“ื™ื ื ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืขืกืง ื”ืฆื•ืื”, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจืืฉื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื“ืขื™ืจ ื”ื ื–ื›ืจ ื”ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื›ืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื ื—ืชื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื•ืื™ืžืชืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืžื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื".

ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื.

ืื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื›ื•"ืข ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื ื•. ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื”"ื“ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ื•ืžืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ืœืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืžืžืŸ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืœืœื ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ. ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืžื™ืกื™ื ืœืงื•ืคืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ืื™ืŸ ืœืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืืœื ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื›ื“ื•'. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื ื ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ื ืืช ืžืžื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกืœืง ืขืฆืžื.

3. ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

ื”ืจืž"ืย ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš:

"ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข, ืื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ืžื”ืจื™"ืง ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื'). ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืœื ืชื‘ืข ืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืคืงื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื• ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ืื"ื› ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืžืขื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ืื– ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื ืชื‘ืข ื•ืื– ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื (ืช"ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉ"ื” ื•ืคืกืงื™ื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ืกื“). ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืข"ื’ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืื™ืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืžืขื•ืชื™ื•". ื•ื‘ืกื™' ืขื’ (ืกืข' ื™) ืคืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ืขืœ ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื‘ืจื™ื— ืืช ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”, ื•ื”ืจืž"ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ: "ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืžืขื•ืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข (ืคืกืงื™ ืžื”ืจื"ื™ ืกื™' ืก"ื“). ื•ืžื–ื” ื ืฉืชืจื‘ื‘ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœืขืงืœ ื”ืžืขื•ืช ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ื•ืœื™ ื”ืื™ (ืช"ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉ"ื”). ื•ืื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืงืœ ืžืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข, ืื ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื™ืœืš ื•ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขื•ืชื™ื• (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ืกื™' ื™"ื“). ืื‘ืœ ืื ื ืจืื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฆื™ื™ืช ืœื• ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ื•ืœื ื’ื‘ืจื ืืœืžื ื”ื•ื, ืœื ื™ืขื›ื‘ื• ืœื• ืžืขื•ืชื™ื•, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ืืœื ื™ืœืš ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข (ืžื”ืจื™"ื• ืกื™' ืœ"ื“, ื•ืงื "ื”). ื•ื›ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขื›ื‘ ื”ืžืขื•ืช, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื ืชื‘ืข".

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉืื– ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื. ืื•ืœื ืื ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžืงื•ื, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉื ื›ืš:

"ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืขื ื”ืžืœื•ื”, ื•ื™ืฆื ืžืฉื ื•ื”ื ื™ื— ืžืžื•ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžืฉื, ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœื›ื•ืคื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขืžื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื, ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืœื•ื” ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื. ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชื—ื™ืœื” (ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืืœืฃ ืงืžื˜)".

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ื ืชืžื›ื™ื ืข"ื™ ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื (ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืกื™' ืฉื ื’, ื•ืžื”ืจืฉ"ืš ื—"ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื›ื˜, ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—"ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืืœืฃ ืงืžื˜ ื•ื—"ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื” ื•ืฉื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื“"ืž, ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจืฉื“"ื ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืงื’ ื•ืฉืคื•), ืœืคื™ื”ื ื›ืฉื”ืขืกืง ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืฆื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืžืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ื—"ื ืฉื ืฉื–ื” ื˜ืขืžื•, ืืš ื›ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœืœื›ืช ืื—ืจื™ื• ืœืขื™ืจื•. ื•ื”ื’ืจื™"ื  ืžืœืฆืจ (ื”ื™ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ืœืง ื™ื ืขืž' ืจื ื˜) ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื”ืกื‘ืจื ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืงย  ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื—ื• ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืฆืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื•ื— ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื ื›ืกื™ื•. ื‘ืจื, ืื ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืฆื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืžืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื.

ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข. ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ (ืก"ืง ื‘) ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื—ื›ื ืฆื‘ื™ (ืกื™' ื™ื“) ืฉืคืกืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ "ืงื”ืœ ืฉืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ ืืฃ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ืจืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืจื“ ืœื“ื™ืŸ (ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืกื™' ื“'), ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื ืœืคื ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ".

ื“ื™ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื•ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืฆ'ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื• ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข. ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขื–ื‘ ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ, ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืคื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืฆ'ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘. (ื•ืืฃ ืฉืฆ'ืง ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืœ"ืค ื•ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจืื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฆ'ืง).

ืขื ืฃ ื‘: ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื• ื–ื‘ืœ"ื.

ื. ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืž' ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืก'

ืขื“ ืขืชื” ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ. ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ื”ืื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื• ืฉืจืฉืื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“ (ื–ื‘ืœ"ื).

ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื’ืž'ย (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื“.):

"ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™".

ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช (ื”. ื“"ื” ื“ืŸ) ื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉืžื•ืžื—ื” ื“ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ืงื‘ืœื•ื”ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืจืฆื•ื ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ื ื ื•ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื”. ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืกืชื ื’' ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื• ื›ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื ืœื‘ื™"ื“, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’' ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืงื™ื™ืžื™.

ืื•ืœื ืœืžืกืงื ื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืกืชื™ืจื” ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ;ย ื”ืžืฉื ื”ย (ืฉื ื›ื’.) ืื•ืžืจืช:

"ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“",

ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื“ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžื“ืขืชื• ื•ืœื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื•?

ืžืชืจืฅ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืฉืชืœื•ื™ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ืื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื–ื” ืืœื ืœืคื ื™ ื–ื”, ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื ื›ืœืœ ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ืื• ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื•ื•ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื“ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื•.

ืžืกืงื ืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ื ืคืกืงื” ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ื—ื•"ืž ื’,ื), ืฉื›ืชื‘:

"ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืœืฉื”. ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœืฉื” ื ืงืจืื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช; ื•ื”ื ื“ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื•, ืื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืกืจื‘ ืœื™ืจื“ ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจื•; ืื‘ืœ ืื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืขืžื• ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ืืœื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ืฉื‘ื™ืจืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ืื– ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“".

ื•ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืฉื•"ืข, ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื™ืจ ืืœื ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื•. ื‘ืจื, ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืš ืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ืจืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื (ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“).

1. ืคืกื™ืงืช ื”ืจืž"ื.

ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ืจืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื›ืชื‘ ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื’ื ืื– ืจืฉืื™ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื.ื”ืจืž"ืย ืžื’ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ:

ย "ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ: ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื ื•, ื•ืข"ืœ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›"ื‘ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื".

ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ื• ื’ื ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื™ื•"ื˜ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืค"ื’ ืž"ื):

"ื•ืžื™ื”ื• ื‘ื”ื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื, ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื“ืœื ืžืฆื™ ืœืžื“ื—ื™ ืœื™ื” ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ืœืคื™ ืฉืžืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ".

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื—ืŸ (ื—ื•"ืž ื’,ื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘,

ืœื’ื‘ื™ "ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“, ื–ื”ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืฉื ืชืžื ื• ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื".

ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉย (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื˜ื•,ื–) ืžื‘ืืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื:

ื. ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื™ื ื ื“ื’ืžืจื ืืœื ื”ื•ื ืชืงื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื™ ืขื•ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ื™ืžืฆืื• ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ื‘. ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ืฉื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื—ื•ื‘ืชืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื–ืงืงื™ืŸ ืœื”ื, ื•ื’ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ื”ื‘"ื— ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”ย (ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ื˜) ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื—ื›ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื –

"ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื ืื™ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื—ื›ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืžื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื›ื ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืœื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ื‘' ื•ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื•ื‘ืขืœืžื ื‘ื’' ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ื— ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื‘ื›ื”"ื’ ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื›ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ื”ื• ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืคื•. ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื”ื ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืžืืŸ ื“ืœื™ืชื ื”ื• ื”ื›ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื›ื ื•ื”ื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื•ื ืื“ื, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื›ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืขื ืฉื ื™ื ืœื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื•". ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื‘"ื— ื•ื›ืชื‘ "ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืœื™ื›ื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ืชืžื ื• ืžืคื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืื™ ื ืžื™ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืื• ืคืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ื›ื ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื‘ืœื•ื”ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื– ื”ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื ื ื›ื“ื›ืชื‘ื™, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืงื‘ืœื•ื”ื• ื”ืงื”ืœ ืœื—ื›ื ืœื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ื“ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืžื˜ ืžืžื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืงื˜ืŸ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜".

ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ื ื—ืœืช ืฆื‘ื™ (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื™ื“):

"ืืžื ื ื ืจืื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื”ื‘ืืชื™ ื‘ืคืช"ืฉ ืกื•ืก"ืง ื”ื ื–ื›ืจ ื”' ืฉืžื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ืชื” ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ืœื, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืฉื‘"ืฅ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื ืฉืืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื• ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ื•' ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื’ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืžืกืชืžื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืฉื ืœื›ืœ ืจื™ื‘ ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืœื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ืืช, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืจืง ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ..".

ื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ืชื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื (ื“,ื™ื–) ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืœื ื‘ืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืงื”ืœ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื– ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืคื•.

2. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข.

ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ืฉื•"ืข ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื ื–ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืจืž"ื, ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื›ืžืจืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื. ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ (ื—ื•"ืž ื–,ื‘ ืื•ืช ื“) ื“ืŸ ื”ืื ื ืชื‘ืข ืกืคืจื“ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืœื ื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ื”ืขืœื” ืฉืื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืกืคืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ, ื•ืื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื‘ื ื™ ืืฉื›ื ื– ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืกืคืจื“ื™, ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืงื™ื ืœื™ ื›ืจืž"ื, ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืจื™ ืœื‘ (ื—ื•"ืž ื,ืงื ) ืขื ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ ืืœื’ืื–ื™ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืฉืžื—ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ (ืกื™' ืœ ื“ืฃ ืงื™ื’ ืข"ื‘). ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื—ืงืจื™ ืœื‘ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ, ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉืžื—ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื (ื’ื™ื ืช ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื—ื•"ืž ื”,ื™ื–) ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืคื™ืจ ืžืฆื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ืช ืงื™ื ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื‘ืจื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื"ื™ ืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืกื‘ืจืช ืžืจืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆื“, ืฉืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•"ืœ ืžื•ื—ื–ืง, ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื˜ืขื ืช ืงื™ื ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ, ื•ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ืช ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ, ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื›ืœ ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ืœืงืชื” ืžื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ื’ืจืข"ื™ ืคื•ืกืง ื›ื“ืขื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื ื’ื“ ืžืจืŸ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื”, ื•ืžืกื›ื™ื ืขื ืžืกืงื ืช ืกืคืจ ื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืŸ (ื—"ื‘ ื—ื•"ืž ื™ื’ ืื•ืช ื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘, ืฉ"ืื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืกืคืจื“ื™, ื•ืžืจืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•, ื•ื”ืจืž"ื ืคื•ื˜ืจื•, ื•ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ ืืœื’ืื–ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืงื™ื ืœื™ ื›ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉืคื•ื˜ืจ, ื“ื‘ื›ื”"ื’ ืœื ืงื‘ืœื ื• ื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื•ื‘ ืชืžื™ื“, ื•ื”ื—ืงืจื™ ืœื‘ ื—ื•ืœืง, ื•ืœืคื™ ืขื "ื“ ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ืœืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ื–ืœื• ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื•, ื ื™ืžื ืžืื™ ื—ื–ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ืงื™ื™ืžื™ ื–ื•ื–ื™ ืœื™ืงื•ื. ื•ืื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืœืชื ื“ืื™ืกื•ืจื, ื ื™ืžื ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืจ"ื” (ื›ื— ืข"ื‘) ืื ื ืชืช ืขื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืงื•ื ื•ืขืฉื”, ื•ื›ืฉืœื ื ืชืช ืขื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื‘ืœ ืชื’ืจืข ื•ืœื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืš, ื”ื™ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ ื•ืืœ ืชืขืฉื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ. ื•ื”ื›ื ื ืžื™ ื“ื›ื•ื•ืชื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืชืง ืืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ืžืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื ื’ื“ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืขืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœื ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืžืžื•ืŸ ื ื’ื“ ืกื‘ืจืชื•, ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืขื™ืงืจื ื›ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื ืžื—ืœื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืŸ ื ื’ื“ ืกื‘ืจืชื•".

ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ืื•ืœื ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉืจื’ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ืœื–), ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื‘ื™"ื ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืกืคืจื“ื™ ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื—ื• ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•. ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื• ืฉื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื, ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข.

ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ืขื "ื“ ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื›ืจื— ืœื›ืœ ื–ื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžืจืŸ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืขืชื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืจืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื›ืชื‘ ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื ื’ื ืื– ืจืฉืื™ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื. ืœืคื™ ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื“ืงื“ื•ืง ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžืจืŸ ื ืจืื”, ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืจืจ ื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ื—ืจ ืื•ืชื ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื–ื‘ืœ"ื. ื•ื–ื• ื’ื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืจืž"ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืชื• ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืœื ื›ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•"ืข, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืœื ืจืื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขื ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืชื™ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช.

ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืืžืจื ื• ืื•ืžืจ ืœื—ืคืฉ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืคืกืงื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ืกืคืจื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.

3. ืคืกื™ืงืช ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื.

ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื‘ื™"ื˜ (ื,ืจืค) ื“ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื”, ื•ื›ืชื‘:

"…ื•ืœื›ื•"ืข ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื“ืื™ ืื™ื›ื ื‘ื™"ื“ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืฉืœื ืžืจืฆื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืชื‘ืจื•ืจ ืืชื” ื•ืื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื ื™ ืื ืื™ื ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืœื ื™ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ….ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ืจืš ื–ื” ื“ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืžื˜ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืืœื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืื—ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื ืœื‘ืจื™ืจื”. ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกืž"ื’ ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืœืžืขืœื”".

ื‘ืกืคืจ ืคืจื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” ืœืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ ืžื™ื•ื—ืก (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื™ื’) ื›ืชื‘:ย "ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ื•ื›ื•', ืื ืœื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื–ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืจืจ".

ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื™ื’ ื“ื™ืŸ ื) ื›ืชื‘: "ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืขืœื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื•' ืฉื‘ืจืจ ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื•ื›ื•' ืงื”ืœ ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ืื‘"ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžื ื”ื’ื ื›ืœืœ. ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื—"ื‘ ื‘ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืกื™' ืงืžื’", ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืžื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ืฉืื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื.

ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ืงื ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช (ื—ื•"ืž ื—"ื ื”ืœ' ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืกืข' ื“) ืœืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ืขืžืจื ื›ืชื‘ "ื“ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ".

ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืจืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื ืกืชื”ื•ืŸ (ื—ื•"ืž ื™ื’ ืก"ื) ืœืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืžื ืฉื” ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื"ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืคืกืง ื”ืจืž"ื, ื•ืืช ื”ืคื•ืก' ื”ื "ืœ ืฉืžื ื™ื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืคืกืง ื›ืžื•ืชื.

ื›ืš ืคืกืง ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืขื (ืขืž' ืชืจ) ืœืจื‘ ืขืžืจื ืื‘ื•ืจื‘ื™ืข. ื›ืš ื’ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืœื•ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืœืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘-ื™ืคื•ย  ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ (ื—"ื’ ืคืจืง ื– ื”ืœ' ื), ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจย  ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืœื ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช (ื•ื”ืขืœื” ืฉื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ืขื“ื™ืคื ืžื›ืคื™ื” ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืฉื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื™ืฆื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื, ื•ืœื ื›ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืขื•ื–ื™ืืœ ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื' ืื•ืช ื™' ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ).

ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื ื‘ืฆืจื™ (ื—"ื ื”ืœ' ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืค"ื ื”"ื ืขืž' ืฉืœื–) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ "ื•ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ". ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ (ื—"ื“ ืขืž' 48)ย  ืœืจื‘ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื–ื›ืื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื”ืœื›ื”.

ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ.

ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืื• ืจืื™ื” ืฉื”ืฉื•"ืข ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ืืฃ ืœื• ื™ื”ื™ ื›ืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœื™ื•, ื”ื ื” ื”ืกื›ืžืช ืคื•ืกืงื™ ืกืคืจื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื, ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืื• ืฉื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ื“ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžืจืŸ. ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”, ื™ื•ืฆื ืœื“ื™ื ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืžืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžื˜ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื•ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื.

ื’. ื”ืื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ืื• ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

ื”ืžื”ืจื"ืœ ืฆื•ื ืฅย ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™' ื›ื’) ื”ืกืชืคืง ื”ืื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื• ืืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข, ื•ื”ืฉื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ (ืกื™' ื) ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืืฃ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžื˜ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช. ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื• ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื™ (ืกื™' ื™ื–), ืฉืืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื–ื• ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืฉื™ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืžืืฉืจ ื™ืขืฉื• ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื. ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืืจ ืฉืœืžื” (ืกื™' ื’ ืกืข' ื) ืœืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื’ื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ (ืฉื•"ืข ื—ื•"ืž ื™ื“,ื), ื”ื›ื ืœื ื—ื™ืœืง ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ื›ืš. ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ืฆ ื’ืจื˜ื ืจ (ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื—"ื— ืขืž' ืงืคื), ืฉืœื“ืขืช ืžื”ืจื"ืœ ืฆื™ื ืฅ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ืขื›"ืค ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ืžืื•ืžื” ืžืžืขืœืช ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ื›ืจื™ื”ื˜ื ื“ืžืืžืจ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ ืข"ื ืžืื™ ืฉื ื ื“ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื™ ืืžืจื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ื ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื–ื™ืจื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื•ืจืจื™ืŸ ืœื”ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฆื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืืžื™ืชื•. ื•ื˜ืขื ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ, ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืขื ืชืงื ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืฉืžื˜ื”. ืื•ืœื ื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื•ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืชืงื ื”. ื•ื˜ืขืžื, ืฉื”ื ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื“ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื™ืฆื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืกืชื ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืขืžื™ื“ื• ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื›ื ื‘ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื–ืืช ืฉืœืกืชื ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืขืœื” ืื—ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ืกืชื ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืชืจื—ืง ื•ืžืชื ืชืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ื•ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืข"ื“ ืžืชืงืจื‘ ื•ืžืชื—ื–ืง ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืืžื™ืชื•, ื•ื ื”ืคื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืชืงืจื‘ ื•ืžืชื—ื–ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžืชืงืจื‘ืช ื•ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื•ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืชื™ ื•ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืกืชืžื ื“ืžื™ืœืชื ืฉื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื.

ื“. ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข.

ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืื‘ื ื™ ื—ืคืฅ (ืกื™' ืงื) ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื”ื "ืœ ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืคื•ืชื• ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื”, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ื•ื’ื ืžืจืื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืื‘ื ื™ ื—ืคืฅ ืฉื ืฉืื ืชื‘ืข ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข, ื•ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ื“ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื’ื ื‘ื–ืืช. ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื›ื "ืœ ืฉืื“ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื—ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ืžืขืฉื” ื ื’ื“ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืš ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืจื•, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื’ืจื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ื˜ืจื—ื” ื™ืชื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื.

ื”. ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช.

ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“: ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื (ื—ื•"ืž ื™ื“,ื) ื›ืชื‘ 'ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช' ื•ืœื ืคื™ืจืฉ ื›ืœืœ ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช, ื”ืื ื’ื ืื– ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื• ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขื™ืจ, ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฆื“ ื‘ื™ืจืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื›ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจื•ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื™ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื•ื›ื•'.

ื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืžื™ื (ื™ื“ ืก"ืง ื‘) ื•ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช (ืฉื ืก"ืง ื’) ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื‘ื™ื”"ื“ ืคืœื•ื ื™ ืงืื–ื™ืœื ื, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื ืชื”"ืž ืฉื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืง. ืื•ืœื ื“ืขืช ื”ื—ื›ื ืฆื‘ื™ (ืกื™' ื™ื“) ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข. ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืจืž"ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืž ืกื™ืžืŸ ื’' ืกืขื™ืฃ ื' ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื, ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืฉื ื™. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื, ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฆื—) ืฉ"ืžื“ื™ื ื ื“ื’ืžืจื ืื™ืŸ ื›ื— ืœื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉื™ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ื• ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ืื—ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื” ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื‘ืœื™ ื˜ืขื ื” ื•ืืžืชืœื, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ื— ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื”ื˜ืจื™ื— ืืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื˜ืœื˜ืœ ื‘ื˜ืœื˜ื•ืœื ื“ื’ื‘ืจื ื”ืงืฉื”, ื•ื’ื ืžื“ื™ื ื ื“ืฉ"ืก ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื™ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืืจ ื•ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™"ื“ ืื—ืจ"[3]. ืกื‘ืจื ื–ื•, ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ (ื—"ื‘ ืื”"ืข ืกื™' ื›ื–), ืฉื›ืชื‘ "ื•ื ืจืื” ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื˜ืขืžื™ื” ื–"ืœ ื“ืœืขื•ืœื ืžืกืคืงื ืœื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืงื ืื• ื‘ืคืœื•ื’ืชื ื“ืจื‘ื•ื•ืชื ื›ื“ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื–"ืœ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืง ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืื™ื›ื ืคืœื•ื’ืชื ื“ืจื‘ื•ื•ืชื ืœื ืžืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืœื™ื” ืžืกืคืงื. ื•ื˜ืขืžื ื“ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื›ืš ืื“ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืฉื‘ืข ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื”".

ื•. ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘

ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืคื•ืก' ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืชืจ ื•ืืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื‘,ืจืฆ):

"ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ: ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ืฉืœื ืžื“ืขืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ…ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืชื ืœืžื ื•ืชื, ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ืื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉืขื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ืื ืงื‘ืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ืžื•ืชืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืกืœืŸ. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืจื›ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืชื ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื’,ื): "ื–ื” ืคื•ืกืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื–ื”; ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ. ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ืื™ืžืชื™? ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื”, ืฉื”ืŸ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื• ืคืกื•ืœื™ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืฉืจื™ืŸ, ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืกืœืŸ". ื•ืืงืฉื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ืž': ื–ื” ืคื•ืกืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื–ื”, ื›ืœ ื›ืžื™ื ื™ื” ื“ืคืกื™ืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™! ื•ืื•ืงืžื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ, "ื‘ืขืจื›ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื. ื•ื”ื›ื™ ืงืืžืจ: ืื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืฉืจื™ืŸ, ื ืขืฉื• ื›ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืŸ ืžืคื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืกืœืŸ". ืฉืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื ื•, ืฉื™ืคืกื•ืœ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ื”ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื—ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ื™ืจืื™ ืืœื”ื™ื, ืฉื•ื ืื™ ื‘ืฆืข, ื•ืื ืฉื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ ืžื“ืข".

ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ื—ื•"ืž ื—,ื) ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœื”ืœื›ื”:

"ื•ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืื• ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืคื˜ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœื ื™ืœื›ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืขืจื›ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืžืžื ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื (ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ), ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื•ืกืœืŸ".

ื”ืจื™ ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืข"ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื•ืœืคืกื•ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.

ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื›ื’.) ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืœื• ืื—ื“ ื•ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉ"ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืŸ ืืœื ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืงื‘ืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืงื‘ืœื•ื ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืขื ื” ืืœื ืฉืœื ืงื‘ืœืชื ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืœื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื‘ื”". ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืื™ืจื™, ืฉื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืจืง ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื•ื”ื• ื•ืœื ืกื’ื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ืชื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ื—ืชื•ืžื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ ื™ื•ื—ืกื™ืŸ (ื”ื•ื“ืคืกื” ื‘ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื—"ื˜ ืขืžื•ื“ ื˜) ื ืืžืจ:

"ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืืžืฉ ืื•ืจ ืœื™"ื‘ ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืก"ื’ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื•ืฉืืœื ื• ืœื“ืขืชื• ืžื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ', ื•ืฉืžืขื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื 'ืื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืข"ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ', ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืข ืฉื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ'."

ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื ืฉืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ ืื—ืจ ืฉืžื™ืขืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืžืจืื” ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืœืคืจืกืžื”.

ื”ืจื™ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืคืกืง ื”ื "ืœ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื“ืจ 'ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ' ืœื ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืข"ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ื•ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ื™ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื—ืœืง ื™ื ืขืž' ืจืกื—) ื”ืจื™"ื  ืžืœืฆืจ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื’ืจื™ืฉ"ื ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืž"ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืืœื ืจืง ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื.

ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืจืจื•ืช (ืฉืขืจ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืคืจืง ื•' ืขืž' ืฉื’) ืœืจื‘ ื™ื•ืขื–ืจ ืืจื™ืืœ ื›ืชื‘:

"ืื ื™ืฉ ืžื ื”ื’ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืžืžื ื” ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืขืžื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืจื‘ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืข"ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืฉื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืขืฆืžื. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืœื ื”ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืงื•ืœื™ืฅ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืื ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืžืžื ื” ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžืขืžื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ื ื™ืžื•ืงื• ื”ื•ื, ืฉื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื•ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื ืœืคืกื•ืง ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื’ื ืœืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืกื•ืง ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช". ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžืฆื•ืช "ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืชืชืŸ ืœืš" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื–,ื™ื—), ื•ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื’ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืืžื ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ "ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื• ืงืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืŸ" (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื’.)".

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ื•ื ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื ื“ืืชืจื, ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืข"ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืœื•ื”ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.

ืžืฆื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืขื™ืจ. ื”ืจื“ื‘"ื– ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• (ื—"ื“ ืกื™' ืืœืฃ ืงืฆ) ื›ืชื‘, ืฉื—ื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื–ืจื– ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ:

"ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื” ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืฅ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื—ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื ืœื ืขืฉื• ื›ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžื—ื•, ื”ืงื•ืœืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืืจื".

ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื (ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืจืจื•ืช ืฉื):

ื. ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืข"ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.

ื‘. ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืขืงื™ืคื”: ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืจื‘, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืฉืœื™ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ืœื•ื™ ื—,ืจืฆื˜).

ื•ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชืฉื‘"ืฅ (ื,ืงื ื˜) ื‘ื™ืืจ ืืช ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืชืžื ื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ:

"ื•ื™ืฆื ืœื ื• ืžื–ื” ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืื•ืชื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชืงื ืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื’ืžืจื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืจื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื ืŸ ืžื›ื— ื”ื—ืจื ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืœื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื›"ื– ืฉื”ืœื” ืื•ืžืจ ื ืœืš ืœืคื ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ".

ื•ืืžื ื, ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื” ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืจื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ (ืกื™' ื›ื) ืœืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืœืžืœื™ื— ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืฉื”ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื ื™ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืคืก"ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ (ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืจ"ืž ืืœื™ื”ื•, ื•ืขื•ื“).

ื•ื™ืขื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื” (ื—ื•"ืž ื‘,ื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘:

"ื•ื”ื ื“ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื ื“ืื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืœื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืจืจ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืจืง ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืชืžื ื™ื ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉืืฃ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืื‘"ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื• ื ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืคื• ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืงื‘ืœื•ื”ื• ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง ืœื™ื›ื ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืฉื ืชืžื ื• ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืฉืื™ื›ื ืขื•ื“ ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื›ื ืืฃ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื ื“ื•ืงื".

ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืืžืจื™ ืฆื‘ื™ (ื—"ื‘ ืกื™' ื ื‘).ย ื‘ืจื, ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ืœื•ื™ (ื”,ืจื™ื‘ ื•ื›ืŸ ื—,ืฉื‘) ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืื’"ืž ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืื• ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช ืื– ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืื™ื–ื” ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื™ื›ื ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ืœื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ"ื.

ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื—ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื–ื•ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืจื ื“ืืชืจื, ื•ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ื’ ืงื“ื•ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ"ื. ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื›ื•"ืข ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื. ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžืกืจื‘ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื“ื ื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืกื™ืจื•ื‘, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื”.

ื–. ืžืกืงื ื”

ืฉื ื™ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืชืžื ื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืžืจื ื“ืืชืจื ืื• ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืขืžื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื• ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™, ื•ื™ืฉื ื ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื›ื•ืคื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ื.

[1]ย ื”ืกืž"ืข (ืก"ืง ื•) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืจืง ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืœื•ื” ื•ืœื•ื” ืื• ื‘ื ื™ื–ืง ื•ืžื–ื™ืง ืื• ื‘ื ื’ื–ืœ ื•ื’ื–ืœืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•' ืื™ืŸ ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื. ื•ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช (ืก"ืง ื) ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกืž"ืข ืžื” ื ืฉืชื ื” ื˜ืขื ืช ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืžืฉืืจ ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืจื™ ืื ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ืชืคื• ืžืฉืœื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื• ื”ื•ื™ ื›ื˜ืขื ืช ื’ื–ืœื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื–ื” ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื–ื” ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื–ื"ื– ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืชื™, ืื• ื”ืื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื”ืื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื™ื“ื™, ืื• ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ, ืื• ืžื ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ื ืชื‘ืข ืืœื ืจืง ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื—ื“ ืชื•ื‘ืข ื•ืื—ื“ ื ืชื‘ืข, ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื›ื•ื—ื• ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืฉื›ืœ ื ืชื‘ืข ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื•ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื™ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืœื”. ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืขืงื‘ (ืก"ืง ื‘).

[2]ย ืื ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžื˜ืขื 'ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”', ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื™ืœืš ืœืฉื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืก' ื”ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ื”ืœื•ื” ืœืœื›ืช ืขืžื•: ื”ืกืž"ืข (ืก"ืง ื—) ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ืง ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืคื•, ืื•ืœื ื”ืฉ"ืš (ืก"ืง ื”) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื–ื” ื˜ืขื, ื•ืคืกืง ื›ื‘"ื— ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื” ืืฃ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžืœื•ื” ืžืžื™ืœื ื“ืจืš ืœืฉื. ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ (ืก"ืง ื) ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืชืฉื˜ ื‘ืฉื ืจื™ื‘"ื) ืฉืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืœืชื•ื‘ืข ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืœื™ืœืš ืœืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช ื•ืœื ืœื ืชื‘ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื’ื ืื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืœื ืœื• ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืชื‘ืข ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืคื–ืจ ืžืขื•ืช ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื” ื™ืชื™ื™ืืฉ ื•ืœื ื™ืชื‘ืขื ื•. ื•ื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช: ื‘ืžืœื•ื” ื•ืœื•ื” ืคื•ืกืง ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ื‘"ื— ื•ืฉ"ืš ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื”, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ืกืง ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืกืž"ืข ื•ืžื”ืจื™"ืง ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืื ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืขืงื‘ (ืก"ืง ื’).

[3]ย ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•: "ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ื— ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืœื”ืชืœ ื‘ื”ืœื•ื” ืœื˜ืœื˜ืœื• ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื•ืื ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ื ื• ื•ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ืœื• ืž"ืž ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉื™ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ื•, ื•ืจืง ื‘ื˜ืขื ืช ื ืœืš ืœื‘ื™"ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืืžืชืœื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืคืกื™ื“ื ื“ืžืžื•ื ื ืื ื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืžื• ื‘ื‘ื™"ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื™ืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ื˜ืขื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืคื™' ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื™ื•ื“ื” ื›ืคื™ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ ืœื•ื” ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืœื•ื” ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืžืขืœื™ื• ื—ืฉืฉ ืคืกื™ื“ื ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ืืžืชืœื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ืืžืช ืžืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืœืš ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข".

 

ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืืžืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ:

ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ ื˜ื‘ืœืช ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื–ื• ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื”

ืžื ื”ืœ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื•ืจื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ื˜ื‘ืœืช ืฉื›ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื• ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื”. ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืช ืคืขืจ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช.

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืฉืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉื•ื›ืจ ืื—ืจ

ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ืชื•ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืจืง ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฆื ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•. ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก, ื”ื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ืžืกืžืš ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš ืžื•ืกื›ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•. ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœื“ื™ืจื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ื›3 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ืฉืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื ืืช ืคืขืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช?

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืฆื™ืžืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”

ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืฉ"ืฃ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืžืจื™ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ. ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืฉื™ืœื ืžืงื“ืžื” ื‘ืกืš ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื. ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืคืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืžื”.
ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”'ืชื• ื”ืกื’ื•ืœ' ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฆื™ืžืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœื— ืœืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ื ื›ืชื‘ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืžื” ืชื•ื—ื–ืจ ืจืง ืื ื™ืžืฆืื• ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืขืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืชืื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”

ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืขืฉื” ื ืกื™ืขื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืง ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ื”ื ื”ื’ ืคื’ืข ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืื—ืจ, ื•ื’ืจื ืœื ื–ืงื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืกืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. (ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื ื–ืง ืžืฉืžืื™ ืจื›ื‘).

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžืžื›ื™ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ื

ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืคื™ืฆื” ืกืคืจ ื“ืจืš ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืจื›ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘45 ืฉ"ื— ื•ื™ืžื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘60 ืฉ"ื—. ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื”ืคืฆืชื•, ื•ื—ืชื ืขื™ืžื ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืข"ื™ ืงื• ื”ืคืฆื” ืžืฉืœื•. ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืงื ื” ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืฆื ืข"ื™ ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื”. ื˜ืขื ืชื ื›ื™ ืข"ื™ ื›ืš ื ื’ืจื ืœื”ื ื”ืคืกื“ ืฉืžื—ืžืชื• ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืžื›ืจื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืœื˜ืขื ืช ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ื ื›ืฉืœื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืขืœ ืขืฆืžืื™ืช. ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจืกื•ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื•ืขื“ ืจืง ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืกืคืจ.

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื โ€“ ืกื“ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื

ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืกื“ื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื
ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื: ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืคื– – ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘"ื“ ืžืฆืคื” ื™ืจื™ื—ื•, ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขืจื•ืกื™ – ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงืจื™ืช ืื•ื ื• ื•ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืจ' ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืคื– – ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“, ื”ืจื‘ ื ื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ื‘ – ืื‘"ื“ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• – ืื‘"ื“ ืขื ื‘ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ, ืขื•"ื“ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืŸ ืžื ื—ื (ื“ืœืคืŸ) – ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืฉื›ืช ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

ืงืจื ืขื•ื“ ยป

ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื™ื›ื•ืช: